As July 4 approaches, fireworks will soon be lighting up skies across the US.
While they are a staple of Independence Day celebrations, they can be deeply unsettling for household pets and other animals.
Veterinarian Ben Simpson-Vernon warned that animals often experience fireworks very differently from people because of how much more acute their hearing is.
“This is because ‘the hearing of dogs, cats, and most small herbivore pets like rabbits is far more sensitive than our own'”
“This means they can hear fireworks going off in the distance we may not perceive, they hear sound frequencies we cannot, and bangs that are loud to us, may be even more intense to their ears,” Ben added.
He said pets are unable to make sense of what fireworks are, which can make the holiday feel especially frightening.
Because of that, he urged anyone thinking about using fireworks at home to weigh the impact on nearby animals first.
“Do consider attending an organised firework display rather than setting fireworks off in your backyard, especially if you or your immediate neighbours have pets.
“To minimise the impact on pets, if you do decide to have fireworks at home, consider quieter options such as fountains or Catherine wheels, or purchasing other lower-noise fireworks which are now available.”
He also shared several ways owners can make the evening less stressful for pets. One of the most effective is setting up a sheltered hiding place, something many cats and dogs naturally seek out when they are nervous.
“Creating a den is a great idea – dogs and cats often like to hide away when they are feeling fearful and a den creates a safe space for them to do that and feel secure,” the vet added.
“You can simply cover over a table with a sheet and place a pet bed or some cushions/blankets inside.”
Another suggestion is to have music playing during the fireworks, ideally something with enough bass to help soften the sharp pops and bangs.
For animals usually kept outdoors, including rabbits, he said they should be brought indoors or placed somewhere enclosed and secure if possible.
Of course, not every calming technique works for every pet, so some owners may need to try other approaches.
In those cases, keeping animals occupied can sometimes help shift their focus away from the noise.
“Consider offering them a puzzle feeder, or Kong-type toy stuffed with food. Many dogs find licking to be a calming activity – consider offering them a lick mat with something tasty on to keep their mind distracted.
“If your pet comes to you seeking comfort it is important to offer them that emotional support by petting or cuddling them, if they wish.
“However, try to remain calm and not be overly animated in your attempts to soothe them – a big response from you can reinforce the idea to them that there IS something to be fearful of.
“Try to go about your business as you usually would as much as possible.”
He added that animals with a serious noise phobia may need stronger support than environmental changes alone can provide.
In those situations, anti-anxiety medication prescribed by a vet may be necessary.
Pet owners should also think ahead about safety beyond the noise itself. Fireworks can leave behind debris, sparks, and chemical residue that may be dangerous if chewed or swallowed, so the area should be cleared before pets are allowed back outside.
Keeping collars and ID tags on, confirming microchip details are up to date, and making sure doors, windows, and cat flaps are shut can also reduce the risk of a frightened animal bolting.
If your pet already shows signs of noise sensitivity, such as pacing, panting, hiding, trembling, vocalising, or refusing food, speak to your vet before the holiday rather than waiting until the fireworks begin. Some animals benefit from a behaviour plan or prescription medication started in advance.
As a general rule, pets are safest indoors during fireworks displays, in a quiet room with blinds or curtains closed and a familiar bed, blanket, or toy nearby.
Owners should never punish a frightened animal, and should avoid leaving pets outside overnight while fireworks are being set off nearby.
Even after the holiday ends, it is worth checking gardens and outdoor spaces for any leftover firework debris before letting pets roam freely again.