Experts are cautioning that without intervention, we might see a rise in HIV infections by 2030. This warning might leave some wondering about the distinction between HIV and AIDS.
On Monday, December 1, World AIDS Day was observed, and UNAIDS, the prominent United Nations body addressing the global HIV/AIDS crisis, delivered an urgent message worldwide.
Winnie Byanyima, the Executive Director of UNAIDS, emphasized in a press statement: “The funding crisis has exposed the fragility of the progress we fought so hard to achieve.”
“Behind every data point in this report are people—babies and children missed for HIV screening or early HIV diagnosis, young women cut off from prevention support, and communities suddenly left without services and care. We cannot abandon them. We must overcome this disruption and transform the AIDS response.”
The report further warned that failing to meet the objectives of the 2026-2031 Global AIDS Strategy could result in an additional 3.3 million HIV cases by 2030.
So, what distinguishes AIDS from HIV? HIV is short for human immunodeficiency virus, whereas AIDS stands for acquired immune deficiency syndrome.
Aidsmap clarifies, “HIV belongs to a group of viruses called retroviruses,” and it “attacks white blood cells within the immune system. These cells will stay infected for the rest of their lives.”
If HIV goes untreated, it can advance to AIDS.
The website describes AIDS as: “an umbrella term for the illnesses that occur due to having untreated HIV infection for several years, by which point the immune system is severely damaged and unable to fight off infections.”
“The illnesses and symptoms will vary for each person that has AIDS, but may include life-threatening infections and cancers.”
It’s important to note that while every person with AIDS has HIV, not everyone with HIV will develop AIDS, thanks to advances in medical treatment.
Antiretroviral medications (ARVs) can effectively halt the virus’s progression, although they do not cure it. These medications can help maintain undetectable HIV levels and bolster the immune system.
According to the Cleveland Clinic, many individuals with HIV manage their condition with a single daily pill or an injection every one to two months.
With these treatments, individuals with HIV can lead normal life spans, comparable to those without the virus, provided they receive timely diagnosis, have access to healthcare, and adhere to their prescribed HIV treatment, as noted by Aidsmap.
If you’ve been affected by any of these issues and want to speak to someone in confidence, you can find a list of state hotlines for HIV and AIDS here.